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【Xcode】Preview Crashed で表示されない 📲

最終更新日時 : 2023-11-25 15:46

Xcode の Preview がクラッシュしっぱなし。

ストレージまわりの話ではないかと思いながらしらべる。


xcrun simctl -—set previews delete all

👉 Preview keeps crashing | Apple Developer Forums
👉 SwiftUIのプレビューが動かなくなった時の対処方法 #SwiftUI - Qiita

📲 ログから原因を見つける

まずは、見てみますか。


#!/bin/bash

cd ~/Library/Logs/DiagnosticReports
file=$(ls XCPreview* | head -1)
open $file

何か起こったらログ確認大事。

📲 対応方法

いろいろありそうです。

このシミュレータですが、通常のシミュレータとは別でXcodeが持っています。しかしストレージ管理のデベロッパ欄には表示されない上に自動で削除されません。私の環境ではiOS14.1のシミュレータなども残っていました。

👉 【SwiftUI】PreviewのSimulator残留 | thwork


cd ~/Library/Developer/Xcode/UserData/Previews/Simulator\ Devices/
find . -name com.apple.suggestions.plist -exec plutil -replace SuggestionsAppLibraryEnabled -bool NO {} ";"

👉 [Tips]Xcode13.1のSwiftUIのpreviewでCPU使用率が高くなるのをSpotlightを止めて回避する(iOS15) #iOS - Qiita

- Restart the computer and re-run xcrun simctl --set previews delete all
- Delete stored Preview data directly. This data is stored in ~/Library/Developer/Xcode/UserData/Previews.

👉 Use Realm with SwiftUI Previews — Realm


xcrun simctl --set previews delete unavailable | all

👉 SwiftUI Previews - Disk space issue | Apple Developer Forums

Save space by
1. xcrun simctl delete unavailable
2. xcrun simctl erase all
3. Delete /Users/username/Library/Developer/CoreSimulator folder.

👉 swiftui - Xcode 13 UI Previews folder takes too much space - Stack Overflow

📲 xcrun simctl とは ?

コマンドラインツールから help を確認する。


❯ xcrun simctl help
usage: simctl [--set <path>] [--profiles <path>] <subcommand> ...
       simctl help [subcommand]
Command line utility to control the Simulator

For subcommands that require a <device> argument, you may specify a device UDID
or the special "booted" string which will cause simctl to pick a booted device.
If multiple devices are booted when the "booted" device is selected, simctl
will choose one of them.

Subcommands:
	addmedia            Add photos, live photos, videos, or contacts to the library of a device.
	boot                Boot a device or device pair.
	clone               Clone an existing device.
	create              Create a new device.
	delete              Delete specified devices, unavailable devices, or all devices.
	diagnose            Collect diagnostic information and logs.
	erase               Erase a device's contents and settings.
	get_app_container   Print the path of the installed app's container
	getenv              Print an environment variable from a running device.
	help                Prints the usage for a given subcommand.
	icloud_sync         Trigger iCloud sync on a device.
	install             Install an app on a device.
	install_app_data    Install an xcappdata package to a device, replacing the current contents of the container.
	io                  Set up a device IO operation.
	keychain            Manipulate a device's keychain
	launch              Launch an application by identifier on a device.
	list                List available devices, device types, runtimes, or device pairs.
	location            Control a device's simulated location
	logverbose          enable or disable verbose logging for a device
	openurl             Open a URL in a device.
	pair                Create a new watch and phone pair.
	pair_activate       Set a given pair as active.
	pbcopy              Copy standard input onto the device pasteboard.
	pbpaste             Print the contents of the device's pasteboard to standard output.
	pbsync              Sync the pasteboard content from one pasteboard to another.
	privacy             Grant, revoke, or reset privacy and permissions
	push                Send a simulated push notification
	rename              Rename a device.
	runtime             Perform operations on runtimes
	shutdown            Shutdown a device.
	spawn               Spawn a process by executing a given executable on a device.
	status_bar          Set or clear status bar overrides
	terminate           Terminate an application by identifier on a device.
	ui                  Get or Set UI options
	uninstall           Uninstall an app from a device.
	unpair              Unpair a watch and phone pair.
	upgrade             Upgrade a device to a newer runtime.

❯ xcrun simctl help delete
Delete specified devices, unavailable devices, or all devices.
Usage: simctl delete <device> [... <device n>] | unavailable | all

Specifying unavailable will delete devices that are not supported by the current Xcode SDK.

❯ xcrun simctl list devices
== Devices ==
-- iOS 17.0 --
    iPhone SE (3rd generation) (EE4D7500-5439-4D41-AD42-6028F649FA44) (Shutdown)
    iPhone 15 (984F204F-2D4E-4E56-8EEE-D11C46EDD9C2) (Shutdown)
    iPhone 15 Plus (C1349C55-57AC-4E47-9EF3-71A848E24A4E) (Shutdown)
    iPhone 15 Pro (04DC04FF-87DB-4EB6-91D8-C8CB4CF10015) (Shutdown)
    iPhone 15 Pro Max (5DC11544-4C3E-4852-8899-3D9E0844519B) (Shutdown)
    iPad Air (5th generation) (906B44B3-B298-4CF1-A5FB-0B4D43277636) (Shutdown)
    iPad (10th generation) (3804C1FA-6306-4CB7-98E0-D24CAFA70537) (Shutdown)
    iPad mini (6th generation) (351ED4C6-2DF3-4F1F-A29A-6D44483D9A95) (Shutdown)
    iPad Pro (11-inch) (4th generation) (96D48442-96AA-421A-BBA6-6F45EE8ECDBE) (Shutdown)
    iPad Pro (12.9-inch) (6th generation) (0B527419-DE2A-4146-93C4-55540B624C5C) (Shutdown)

❯ xcrun simctl --set previews list devices
Using Previews Device Set: '/Users/mao/Library/Developer/Xcode/UserData/Previews/Simulator Devices'
== Devices ==
-- iOS 17.0 --
    iPhone 15 Pro (676858D4-35E8-4841-91F4-17804B3E7565) (Shutdown)

覚えておくべきは、

Preview は、シュミレータ単独と別枠でシュミレータを使っている。

ということ。

📲 まとめ

Preview とシュミレーターに関連する問題は多そうです。

CPU 使用率
ストレージ占有
キャッシュ・データ不整合

私の場合スッキリ対応した方法としては、以下を Xcode を一旦終了して実行。


xcrun simctl --set previews delete all
rm -rf ~/Library/Developer/Xcode/UserData/Previews
rm -rf ~/Library/Developer/CoreSimulator/Caches

👉 How to clear/reset SwiftUI Preview Caches?

Behavors に入れときますか、消した previews に関しては自動で作成されると思って良さそう。

⌘英かなから Karabiner-Elements へ ⌨️

最終更新日時 : 2023-11-23 22:04

こうしてましたが。

👉 【macOS】IDE で矢印 (カーソルキー) を使うとキーボードホームポジションがずれる件

⌘英かなを卒業して、Karabiner-Elements を使います。

👉 Karabiner-Elementsの本家が「英数/かな」の切り替えに対応したみたい #karabiner-Elements - Qiita
👉 「macOS カーソル強制バインディングのすすめ」の最近の様子 - ちなみに

⌨️ caps lock → control


Simple Modifications

  ↓

For All Devices

  ↓

caps_lock

  ↓

left_control

👉 Karabiner-Elements complex_modifications rules

⌨️ left / right command → 英数/かな


Complex Modifications

  ↓

Add rule

  ↓

Import more rules from the Internet (Open a web browser)

  ↓

Seearch

👉 ［ US ］左右のコマンドキー（⌘）を、単独で押したときは英数・かなキーとして扱う（左⌘は英数、右⌘はかな）

⌨️ control (旧 caps lock) + p / n / f / b → ↑ / ↓ / ← / →

👉 Ctrl+p/Ctrl+n to arrow up/down
👉 Map ctrl+b/ctrl+f to left/right arrow

⌨️ まとめ

設定保存先は、~/.config/karabiner/karabiner.json 。

思ったより長い。


{
    "global": {
        "ask_for_confirmation_before_quitting": true,
        "check_for_updates_on_startup": true,
        "show_in_menu_bar": true,
        "show_profile_name_in_menu_bar": false,
        "unsafe_ui": false
    },
    "profiles": [
        {
            "complex_modifications": {
                "parameters": {
                    "basic.simultaneous_threshold_milliseconds": 50,
                    "basic.to_delayed_action_delay_milliseconds": 500,
                    "basic.to_if_alone_timeout_milliseconds": 1000,
                    "basic.to_if_held_down_threshold_milliseconds": 500,
                    "mouse_motion_to_scroll.speed": 100
                },
                "rules": [
                    {
                        "description": "［ US ］左右のコマンドキー（⌘）を、単独で押したときは 英数・かな キー として扱う（左⌘は 英数、右⌘は かな）",
                        "manipulators": [
                            {
                                "description": " LEFT COMMAND → EISUU ",
                                "from": {
                                    "key_code": "left_command",
                                    "modifiers": {
                                        "optional": [
                                            "any"
                                        ]
                                    }
                                },
                                "to": [
                                    {
                                        "key_code": "left_command"
                                    }
                                ],
                                "to_if_alone": [
                                    {
                                        "key_code": "japanese_eisuu"
                                    }
                                ],
                                "type": "basic"
                            },
                            {
                                "description": " RIGHT COMMAND → KANA ",
                                "from": {
                                    "key_code": "right_command",
                                    "modifiers": {
                                        "optional": [
                                            "any"
                                        ]
                                    }
                                },
                                "to": [
                                    {
                                        "key_code": "right_command"
                                    }
                                ],
                                "to_if_alone": [
                                    {
                                        "key_code": "japanese_kana"
                                    }
                                ],
                                "type": "basic"
                            }
                        ]
                    },
                    {
                        "description": "Ctrl+p/Ctrl+n to arrow up/down",
                        "manipulators": [
                            {
                                "from": {
                                    "key_code": "p",
                                    "modifiers": {
                                        "mandatory": [
                                            "control"
                                        ]
                                    }
                                },
                                "to": [
                                    {
                                        "key_code": "up_arrow"
                                    }
                                ],
                                "type": "basic"
                            },
                            {
                                "from": {
                                    "key_code": "n",
                                    "modifiers": {
                                        "mandatory": [
                                            "control"
                                        ]
                                    }
                                },
                                "to": [
                                    {
                                        "key_code": "down_arrow"
                                    }
                                ],
                                "type": "basic"
                            }
                        ]
                    },
                    {
                        "description": "Map ctrl+b/ctrl+f to left/right arrow",
                        "manipulators": [
                            {
                                "from": {
                                    "key_code": "b",
                                    "modifiers": {
                                        "mandatory": [
                                            "control"
                                        ]
                                    }
                                },
                                "to": [
                                    {
                                        "key_code": "left_arrow"
                                    }
                                ],
                                "type": "basic"
                            },
                            {
                                "from": {
                                    "key_code": "f",
                                    "modifiers": {
                                        "mandatory": [
                                            "control"
                                        ]
                                    }
                                },
                                "to": [
                                    {
                                        "key_code": "right_arrow"
                                    }
                                ],
                                "type": "basic"
                            }
                        ]
                    }
                ]
            },
            "devices": [
                {
                    "disable_built_in_keyboard_if_exists": false,
                    "fn_function_keys": [],
                    "identifiers": {
                        "is_keyboard": true,
                        "is_pointing_device": false,
                        "product_id": 0,
                        "vendor_id": 0
                    },
                    "ignore": false,
                    "manipulate_caps_lock_led": true,
                    "simple_modifications": [],
                    "treat_as_built_in_keyboard": false
                },
                {
                    "disable_built_in_keyboard_if_exists": false,
                    "fn_function_keys": [],
                    "identifiers": {
                        "is_keyboard": false,
                        "is_pointing_device": true,
                        "product_id": 0,
                        "vendor_id": 0
                    },
                    "ignore": true,
                    "manipulate_caps_lock_led": false,
                    "simple_modifications": [],
                    "treat_as_built_in_keyboard": false
                }
            ],
            "fn_function_keys": [
                {
                    "from": {
                        "key_code": "f1"
                    },
                    "to": [
                        {
                            "consumer_key_code": "display_brightness_decrement"
                        }
                    ]
                },
                {
                    "from": {
                        "key_code": "f2"
                    },
                    "to": [
                        {
                            "consumer_key_code": "display_brightness_increment"
                        }
                    ]
                },
                {
                    "from": {
                        "key_code": "f3"
                    },
                    "to": [
                        {
                            "apple_vendor_keyboard_key_code": "mission_control"
                        }
                    ]
                },
                {
                    "from": {
                        "key_code": "f4"
                    },
                    "to": [
                        {
                            "apple_vendor_keyboard_key_code": "spotlight"
                        }
                    ]
                },
                {
                    "from": {
                        "key_code": "f5"
                    },
                    "to": [
                        {
                            "consumer_key_code": "dictation"
                        }
                    ]
                },
                {
                    "from": {
                        "key_code": "f6"
                    },
                    "to": [
                        {
                            "key_code": "f6"
                        }
                    ]
                },
                {
                    "from": {
                        "key_code": "f7"
                    },
                    "to": [
                        {
                            "consumer_key_code": "rewind"
                        }
                    ]
                },
                {
                    "from": {
                        "key_code": "f8"
                    },
                    "to": [
                        {
                            "consumer_key_code": "play_or_pause"
                        }
                    ]
                },
                {
                    "from": {
                        "key_code": "f9"
                    },
                    "to": [
                        {
                            "consumer_key_code": "fast_forward"
                        }
                    ]
                },
                {
                    "from": {
                        "key_code": "f10"
                    },
                    "to": [
                        {
                            "consumer_key_code": "mute"
                        }
                    ]
                },
                {
                    "from": {
                        "key_code": "f11"
                    },
                    "to": [
                        {
                            "consumer_key_code": "volume_decrement"
                        }
                    ]
                },
                {
                    "from": {
                        "key_code": "f12"
                    },
                    "to": [
                        {
                            "consumer_key_code": "volume_increment"
                        }
                    ]
                }
            ],
            "name": "Default profile",
            "parameters": {
                "delay_milliseconds_before_open_device": 1000
            },
            "selected": true,
            "simple_modifications": [
                {
                    "from": {
                        "key_code": "caps_lock"
                    },
                    "to": [
                        {
                            "key_code": "left_control"
                        }
                    ]
                }
            ],
            "virtual_hid_keyboard": {
                "country_code": 0,
                "indicate_sticky_modifier_keys_state": true,
                "mouse_key_xy_scale": 100
            }
        }
    ]
}

ありがとう、⌘英かな。

👉 ⌘英かな